Tell Me What You Do and I’ll Tell You What You Are: Learning Occupation-Related Activities for Biographies

Biography creation requires the identification of important events in the life of the individual in question. While there are events such as birth and death that apply to everyone, most of the other activities tend to be occupation-specific. Hence, occupation gives important clues as to which activities should be included in the biography. We present techniques for automatically identifying which important events apply to the general population, which ones are occupation-specific, and which ones are person-specific. We use the extracted information as features for a multi-class SVM classifier, which is then used to automatically identify the occupation of a previously unseen individual. We present experiments involving 189 individuals from ten occupations, and we show that our approach accurately identifies general and occupation-specific activities and assigns unseen individuals to the correct occupations. Finally, we present evidence that our technique can lead to efficient and effective biography generation relying only on statistical techniques

A Formal Model for Information Selection in Multi-Sentence Text Extraction

Selecting important information while accounting for repetitions is a hard task for both summarization and question answering. We propose a formal model that represents a collection of documents in a two-dimensional space of textual and conceptual units with an associated mapping between these two dimensions. This representation is then used to describe the task of selecting textual units for a summary or answer as a formal optimization task. We provide approximation algorithms and empirically validate the performance of the proposed model when used with two very different sets of features, words and atomic events

What Emotions Do Jason Reynolds’ Young Adult Novels Convey? A Sentiment Analysis

“The All-White world of children’s books” (Larrick, 1965) is still mainly White and heavily skewed in one direction. Black children are either entirely absent from the books or misrepresented in the stories. Although there has been a notable increase in publishing African American books over the past several years, “characters of color are [often] limited to the townships of occasional historical books that concern themselves with the legacies of civil rights and slavery” (Myers, 2014). These characters “are never given a pass card to traverse the lands of adventure, curiosity, imagination or personal growth” (Myers, 2014). With a focus on African American Young Adult books, in this paper, we show how Natural Language Processing (NLP) and sentiment analysis can be used as alternate tools to identify emotional patterns in diverse YA novels. We follow the approach for emotion analysis suggested by Mohammad (2012) and use manually created lexicons that contain Plutchik’s eight basic emotions. Also, we measure how the use of the emotion words changes through the course of our selected books and demonstrate the flow of the basic eight emotions as well as the sentiment associated with the emotion words in the sample books

Turismo e Desenvolvimento Sustentável na Rússia: Desafios e Constrangimentos Atuais

The sustainable tourism development has become a prerequisite for the industry functioning. Sustainable tourism is now seen as a logical response to a growing tourist flow, and as a result, to an excessive burden on the natural and historical and cultural environment of destinations. In Russia, sustainable development is a complex and painful issue. Ambiguity of responsibility areas and the lack of thoughtful and well-established regulatory mechanisms make the interaction between business and government in sustainable territory development a particularly difficult issue in Russia. That is why the purpose of this study is to reveal how the representatives of the tourism business understand the need for sustainable tourism development in Russia. The survey of business representatives conducted in the article made it possible to identify problems in understanding the essence of sustainable tourism development, and to identify the sustainable tourism trends, which in many ways demonstrate the growing need for the transition of the tourism industry in Russia to the principles of sustainable development. One of the important problems of sustainable tourism development in Russia is the professional personnel training. For this purpose, the authors have developed a combined model of educational activities in the "challenges-needs" system for the sustainable development of hospitality industry. It is intended for stakeholders of the tourism market and is aimed at raising awareness and building sustainable interaction.El desarrollo del turismo sostenible se ha convertido en un requisito previo para el funcionamiento de la industria. El turismo sostenible se ve ahora como una respuesta lógica a un flujo turístico creciente y, en consecuencia, a una carga excesiva sobre el entorno natural e histórico y cultural de los destinos. En Rusia, el desarrollo sostenible es una cuestión compleja y dolorosa. La ambigüedad de las áreas de responsabilidad y la falta de mecanismos reguladores bien establecidos hacen que la interacción entre las empresas y el gobierno en el desarrollo sostenible del territorio sea una cuestión especialmente difícil en Rusia. Por ello, el objetivo de este estudio es revelar cómo entienden los representantes del negocio turístico la necesidad de un desarrollo turístico sostenible en Rusia. La encuesta realizada a los representantes de las empresas en el artículo permitió identificar los problemas de comprensión de la esencia del desarrollo del turismo sostenible, e identificar las tendencias del turismo sostenible, que en muchos aspectos demuestran la creciente necesidad de la transición de la industria del turismo en Rusia a los principios del desarrollo sostenible. Uno de los problemas importantes del desarrollo del turismo sostenible en Rusia es la formación del personal profesional. Para ello, el autor ha desarrollado un modelo combinado de actividades educativas en el sistema "retos-necesidades" para el desarrollo sostenible de la industria de la hostelería. Está destinado a las partes interesadas del mercado turístico y tiene como objetivo la sensibilización y la creación de una interacción sostenible.O desenvolvimento do turismo sustentável tornou-se um pré-requisito para o funcionamento da indústria. O turismo sustentável é agora visto como uma resposta lógica a um fluxo turístico crescente e, como resultado, a uma carga excessiva sobre o ambiente natural, histórico e cultural dos destinos. Na Rússia, o desenvolvimento sustentável é uma questão complexa e dolorosa. A ambigüidade das áreas de responsabilidade e a falta de mecanismos reguladores ponderados e bem estabelecidos tornam a interação entre empresas e governo no desenvolvimento sustentável do território uma questão particularmente difícil na Rússia. É por isso que o objetivo deste estudo é revelar como os representantes das empresas de turismo entendem a necessidade de desenvolvimento turístico sustentável na Rússia. O inquérito aos representantes das empresas realizado no artigo permitiu identificar problemas na compreensão da essência do desenvolvimento do turismo sustentável, e identificar as tendências do turismo sustentável, o que demonstra de muitas formas a necessidade crescente da transição da indústria do turismo na Rússia para os princípios do desenvolvimento sustentável. Um dos problemas importantes do desenvolvimento do turismo sustentável na Rússia é a formação de pessoal profissional. Para este fim, o autor desenvolveu um modelo combinado de atividades educacionais no sistema "desafios- necessidades" para o desenvolvimento sustentável da indústria hoteleira. Destina-se aos intervenientes do mercado do turismo e tem como objetivo sensibilizar e construir uma interação sustentável

An Unsupervised Approach to Biography Production using Wikipedia

We describe an unsupervised approach to multi-document sentence-extraction based summarization for the task of producing biographies. We utilize Wikipedia to automatically construct a corpus of biographical sentences and TDT4 to construct a corpus of non-biographical sentences. We build a biographical-sentence classifier from these corpora and an SVM regression model for sentence ordering from the Wikipedia corpus. We evaluate our work on the DUC2004 evaluation data and with human judges. Overall, our system significantly outperforms all systems that participated in DUC2004, according to the ROUGE-L metric, and is preferred by human subjects

Intellectual Property Rights in the Seed Industry: Barriers to Sustainable Agriculture

The dynamics of the dominant industrial agriculture system restrict the seed industry’s innovative landscape, leading to significant negative consequences including an exacerbation of environmental risks which threaten global food security. This thesis explores how exclusionary intellectual property rights (IPRs) in the context of the seed industry constrict innovation, evolutionary pathways, and opportunities for the implementation of sustainable agriculture methods. To overcome these barriers, the application of an open source framework to seed innovation, specifically through the platform of the Open Source Seed Initiative, is evaluated as a tool for enhancing innovative capacities in seed development while broadening the accessibility and growth of the plant genetic resource base. Using an open source framework alongside agroecological practices can enable the seed industry to shift toward a more decentralized structure, increasing opportunities for divergent plant evolutionary pathways in support of securing the future of food production

DR3 regulation of apoptosis of naive T-lymphocytes in children with acute infectious mononucleosis

Acute infectious mononucleosis (AIM) is a widespread viral disease that mostly affects children. Development of AIM is accompanied by a change in the ratio of immune cells. This is provided by means of different biological processes including the regulation of apoptosis of naive T-cells. One of the potential regulators of apoptosis of T-lymphocytes is a death receptor 3 (DR3). We have studied the role of DR3 in the regulation of apoptosis of naive CD4+ (nTh) and CD8+ (nCTL) T-cells in healthy children and children with AIM. In healthy children as well as in children with AIM, the activation of DR3 is accompanied by inhibition of apoptosis of nTh. In healthy children, the stimulation of DR3 resulted in the increase in apoptosis of nCTL. On the contrary, in children with AIM, the level of apoptosis of nCTL decreased after DR3 activation, which is a positive contribution to the antiviral immune response. In children with AIM, nCTL are characterized by reduced level of apoptosis as compared with healthy children. These results indicate that DR3 can be involved in the reduction of sensitivity of nCTL to apoptosis in children with AIM

36 Months Survivability And Its Predictors In Patients With Chronic Heart Failure And Decreased Fraction Of Left Ventricular Ejection Depending On Sex

Aim of the work: to compare survivability parameters during 36 months and their predictors among men and women with chronic heart failure and decreased fraction of left ventricular ejection.Materials and methods: the research included 356 patients with CHF (NYHA ІІ –ІV) with decreased LVEF<40 %, 18–75 years old. Using Kaplan-Meier method, there was analyzed the survivability in men and women during 36 months, then there were analyzed independent factors that influenced survivability terms depending on sex using the multiple logistic regression.Results. Our analysis of the survivability of patients with CHF with decreased LVEF demonstrated that the cumulative survival after 3 years of observation was 49 and 51 % for men and women, respectively. The curves of 36 months survivability didn\u27t reliably differ. At the analysis of factors, associated with the bad prognosis, there were observed differences between groups of men and women with CHF. Thus, in men the predictors of 36 month survival were: the thickness of the right ventricle wall, size of the right atrium, end-diastolic volume and end-systolic volume of LV, indices of EDV and ESV of LV, urinary acid level, value of LVEF. In women the predictors of survivability during 3 years were the following parameters: BMI, DM type 2 in an anamnesis, end-diastolic size of LV, end-systolic size of LV, blood glucose level, LVEF.Conclusion. The survivability of men and women with CHF with decreased LVEF during 36 months didn\u27t reliably differ and was 49 and 51 % respectively. But predictors of the lethal outcome in men and women essentially differed during 36 months, and their number is essentially higher in men